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HARDTACK-Teak was an exoatmospheric high altitude nuclear weapon test performed during Operation Hardtack I. It was launched from Johnston Island on a Redstone missile.〔''(Operation HARDTACK Military Effects Studies Part III: High Altitude Tests )'' (1958), Department of Defense documentary film, Lookout Mountain Laboratory USAF.〕 On 1 August 1958, the 3.8 Mt shot detonated at an altitude of 76.8 km. Along with HARDTACK-Orange it was one of the two largest high-altitude nuclear explosions. ==Planning== The 3.8 megaton detonation was planned to occur at an altitude of 250,000 feet approximately six miles south of Johnston Island. However, due to a programming failure it burst directly over the island at the desired elevation making the island the effective ground-zero. This brought the explosion 2,000 feet (approximately 2/5ths of a mile) nearer than intended to the launch site control and analysis crews. The ''Teak'' test was originally planned to be launched from Bikini Atoll, but Lewis Strauss, chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission opposed the test because of fears that the flash from the nighttime detonation might blind Islanders who were living on nearby atolls. He finally agreed to approve the high-altitude test on the condition that the launch point be moved from Bikini Atoll to the more remote site at Johnston Island.〔''Defense's Nuclear Agency 1947–1997''. Page 139. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, 2002 ()〕 According to the United States Defense Nuclear Agency report (DNA6038F) on Operation Hardtack I:〔''Operation Hardtack I, 1958, DNA6038F, ADA136819'' pages 259-260. ()〕 :Johnston Island was well situated for the high-altitude tests because of its isolation, the nearest inhabited island being 538 statute miles (866 km) away. On the other hand, operations there had to consider aircraft and ship routes from Hawaii to Asia, as well as the close-in hazards of missile launch in a confined area and the firing of missiles over water areas used for ship anchorage. :That the hazard of primary concern is flashblindness and/or retinal burn expected to result from the programmed detonation. This hazard is calculated to extend to a range of 435 statute miles at the surface . . . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hardtack Teak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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